According to various estimates, more than 11 million people work in offices.To a greater or lesser extent they lead that very sedentary way of life, of the dangers of which the doctors never tire of reminding.And the more time a person spends at a desk in the office, the greater the risks to his health.At the same time, his career may be on the upswing.But what does career success mean if work takes not only time and energy, but also health?Doctors are already talking about the real office syndrome - a whole complex of painful conditions that most "office dwellers" suffer from.And one of the main positions in this list is occupied by the most intimate office disease - hemorrhoids.
1. Hemorrhoids: causes
One of the most popular proctological diseases is hemorrhoids, the causes of which can be divided into two main groups:
- A person's predisposition to this disease: family history of hemorrhoids;connective tissue weakness caused by other diseases;bowel movements caused by diseases or certain conditions (eg pregnancy);obesity.
- The so-called external risk factors: a sedentary or mostly upright lifestyle;certain sexual practices;acute lack of physical activity or, on the contrary, excessive stress for which the body is not physically ready.
2. Hemorrhoids in men - "disease of bosses"
You can complain to a colleague about back pain, gastritis or a "playing" heart, you can dream out loud about going to the gym, complain about being overweight, but few people are ready to discuss the problems of hemorrhoids in the smoking room.
Most often, men suffer from this disease (4 times more often than the fairer sex!) aged between 30 and 50 years.
The intimacy of the affected area often contrasts sharply with the higher state.It is not surprising that hemorrhoids in men are often called the "disease of bosses".
The causes of hemorrhoids in men include not only the behavior of management personnel.In our era of growing popularity of healthy lifestyles, middle-aged men often go to the gym to get in great physical shape, but they start exercising at their own peril and risk.Most beginners who want to gain beautiful muscles are in no hurry to contact a trainer - they are confident that they themselves will be able to understand the nuances of the exercises.In practice, this leads to incorrect performance.And as a result of excessive load, an unprepared person can develop hemorrhoids, especially if he has a predisposition to this disease.
It should be said about another "male" risk factor: alcohol.Regular alcohol consumption leads to dilation of blood vessels, which increases blood flow to hemorrhoids.In addition, alcohol consumption leads to dehydration, which can lead to constipation.Intoxication with alcohol breakdown products in the body, fatty, salty and fried snacks provoke inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane.All this together increases the likelihood of developing hemorrhoids in men.
Finally, diseases of the prostate (prostatitis, prostate adenoma) also increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids in men.
3. Causes of the disease in women: hemorrhoids during pregnancy and other conditions
Women have their own increased risk factors for developing hemorrhoids and these are related to certain natural conditions of their body.Hemorrhoids during pregnancy are one of the most common complications of carrying a child.Doctors talk about 80% of pregnant women who were diagnosed with hemorrhoids during a visit to an antenatal clinic.This is facilitated by a woman's physiology.
Women have other causes of hemorrhoids, which are more common for them than for the stronger sex:
- Constipation caused by unhealthy diets and related pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Diseases of the "female" organs, for example, hemorrhoids, can be a complication of inflammation of the appendages.
- Anal sex, which often leads to injury to the mucous membrane and the formation of hemorrhoids.
- Too heavy menstruation can cause excessive blood flow to the pelvic organs and, as a result, hemorrhoids even in young girls.
4. Forms of the disease: external and internal hemorrhoids
Doctors distinguish two types of disease: external and internal hemorrhoids, the treatment of which will have certain differences:
- In the first case, an expansion of hemorrhoids develops, which are formed directly in the anus from the lower plexus of the rectal veins.At the same time, there is pain in the anus, and bleeding is rare.In essence, hemorrhoids are located outside the rectum, so they come into contact with underwear, which can lead to inflammation and even the development of malignant tumors.External hemorrhoids occur in only 10% of cases.
- In the second case, the enlarged nodules remain in the submucosal layer of the intestine.In the initial stages of the disease, they are not visible.As the disease progresses, the nodes begin to fall out of the passage.Up to a certain point, they can still be corrected, but in the later stages it requires surgery.This condition usually involves blood in the stool.Internal hemorrhoids are more difficult to treat than external hemorrhoids.
Although everyone suffers from hemorrhoids, there are gender-specific features in the development of this disease, its treatment and prevention.Let's look at the signs of hemorrhoids in women.
5. Hemorrhoids: symptoms in men and women
You should see a doctor when the first suspicious symptoms appear (stage I of the disease), which include:
- itching, feeling of fullness, discomfort in the anus;
- a feeling of wetness around the anus, the appearance of secretions on underwear;
- pain when visiting the toilet and bleeding immediately after defecation (traces of blood on toilet paper or drops of blood).
If prolapsing hemorrhoids appear and spontaneously "go back", this is already stage II of the disease.Stage III is said to be when the nodules no longer disappear on their own, but can still be set "manually".Finally, stage IV may require surgery.
Symptoms of hemorrhoids in men can have certain characteristics.In the representatives of the stronger sex, the disease often develops in an acute form against the background of various pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract.Often, the acute form of the disease is the result of thrombosis of the hemorrhoidal node.Usually, a person suffers from a sharp pain that worsens with straining, coughing, laughing and even with movement.In the feces, you can see red, that is, unchanged blood.Signs of hemorrhoids in women intensify before the onset of menstruation, and after completion, they weaken.This is often a reason to postpone a visit to the doctor, although the problem does not disappear, the symptoms in women remain and the disease continues to progress.
6. How to treat hemorrhoids: general principles
Hemorrhoids are a disease in which half of the success is the result of a change in the patient's lifestyle.This disease can only be treated comprehensively.You can't get by with just pills, or just ointments, or just going to the gym.What key points should you pay attention to?
food
Alcohol, spicy and overly salty, fried foods contribute to increased bleeding from hemorrhoids.Therefore, everything listed should be completely excluded from the menu.Lack of fiber in the diet provokes constipation, which worsens the disease.That is, the choice of a patient with hemorrhoids is salads, fruits and other dishes with a high fiber content.
Movement
A sedentary lifestyle is one of the main risk factors for the development of the disease.This means that the remedy for hemorrhoids will be regular walks or jogging, visits to the gym, swimming pool (except strength training and cycling).During the day, you have to get up every hour and a half and walk for 5-10 minutes - around the office, in the corridor, on the official stairs.
hygiene
If we are talking about an acute form of hemorrhoids, you should take a cool shower at least 2-3 times a day.After defecation, you must wash.If for some reason this cannot be done, you should use wet wipes.
7. How to choose a drug for hemorrhoids with a high level of effectiveness?
The question "How to treat hemorrhoids in women?"This question is especially often asked by future mothers who face this problem during pregnancy, as well as by women who lead a sedentary lifestyle, are overweight and avoid physical activity.However, if such a question arises, it means that the situation is already beyond the control of the patient herself and she needs the help of a doctor.
First of all, you should not self-medicate.How to treat hemorrhoids in women will be advised by a specialist who is well versed in the nuances of treating this pathology in the fairer sex with their numerous risk factors.Treatment of internal hemorrhoids, as well as external, is often "complicated" in men.In their minds, the signs of hemorrhoids in men are not a disease that you can easily talk about with a stranger.As a result, a person's life becomes a torture and the disease becomes chronic.Today, in most cases, it is not necessary to go to the hospital for the treatment of hemorrhoids.The doctor will tell you in detail how to treat hemorrhoids at home in women and men.
The medicine for hemorrhoids must meet several basic parameters:
- Ease of use.The patient who goes to work or other public places must be able to follow the medication regimen.If in one case (pills for hemorrhoids) a glass of water is enough, in another (suppositories and ointments) you need a toilet and time.
- Optimal safety profile for use.The stronger the active substance, the higher the risk of side effects.When choosing a therapy, the doctor tries to maintain a balance between the effectiveness and safety of the treatment.
- Help relieve symptoms for a short time.Hemorrhoids are a painful disease.Patients most often turn to a doctor when they can no longer cope with the problem on their own and do not have the strength to endure the suffering.Therefore, drugs that help relieve symptoms for a short time are especially relevant.
8. Medicines for hemorrhoids with local and systemic action
Among the variety of drugs for hemorrhoids, local and systemic drugs are distinguished.
Systemic drugs include venotonic drugs;for hemorrhoids, laxatives, pain relievers, injections with hemostatic agents (to stop bleeding) and anticoagulants can also be used, which reduce the threat of blood clots in hemorrhoids.
Topical (topical) medications include various ointments or suppositories.The list of local remedies for the treatment of hemorrhoids includes ointments that can relieve vascular spasm, reduce pain and inflammation, for example: preparations with sodium heparin, ointments with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, with glucocorticoids and others.Hemorrhoid suppositories are also often used.
Most often, combined drug therapy is prescribed, combining local and systemic drugs.
9. Pills for hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoid tablets are one of the most convenient dosage forms.It is easier for patients to control the treatment process, they do not experience pain and discomfort when taking drugs, there is no need to withdraw for therapy, and finally, tablets have a systemic effect on the body.
They can be used in the initial stages of the disease and in stages 3-4 - before surgery to remove nodes and in the postoperative period.Most often, taking tablets is combined with local use of ointments or suppositories.
10. Prevention of hemorrhoids
When we talk about the prevention of hemorrhoids, we mean primarily an active lifestyle.Swimming pool, running, gym - any type of physical activity is useful to reduce the risk of recurrence of the disease.Even if you have a sedentary job, you should get up and walk for 5-10 minutes once an hour.
Diet is as important as physical activity in preventing hemorrhoids.The intestines must work - energetically and actively.For this purpose, it needs fiber - dietary fiber of plant origin, that is, fruits and vegetables.It is important to understand that we are not talking about juice, but about whole fruits and vegetables.But it is better to control dairy and flour products and avoid their excess in the menu.It is also necessary to reduce the amount of alcohol consumed, hot and spicy foods in the diet.Probiotics have a good effect on the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
It is also recommended to observe the so-called defecation hygiene.This term refers to compliance with the defecation regime.To clean the skin after the process, it is better to use a bidet, toilet shower or wet wipes.Dry toilet paper is not always of good quality and can cause skin irritation.
So, speaking of hemorrhoid prevention, we have reached the triad of "movement - hygiene - nutrition", which we have already talked about in the context of the overall effective treatment of hemorrhoids.And this is not surprising, because the health of our body is based on these "three pillars".And the best remedy for hemorrhoids in this context is a healthy lifestyle, regular visits to the doctor and compliance with all his recommendations.